Health Information
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Understanding This Symptom
Medical Definition
Subject Matter Expert Verified
Glaucoma is an eye disease where elevated intraocular pressure damages the optic nerve, leading to progressive peripheral vision loss and potentially blindness if untreated.
It is often called the "silent thief of sight" because vision loss occurs gradually and irreversibly.
The condition affects over 80 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of irreversible blindness.
Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most common form, accounting for about 90% of cases, while angle-closure glaucoma is less common but more acute and dangerous.
Quick Facts
What Optimal Health Looks Like
Understanding how your body functions when healthy helps identify dysfunction
A healthy eye maintains precise intraocular pressure (IOP) through a delicate balance between aqueous humor production and drainage.
The ciliary body in the eye produces aqueous humor, a clear fluid that circulates through the anterior chamber and drains primarily through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm's canal.
This fluid nourishes the lens and cornea and removes metabolic waste.
The optic nerve, composed of over 1 million retinal ganglion cell axons, transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
Healthy Function
Your body is designed to maintain balance and self-regulate
How This Develops
Open-angle glaucoma - The drainage angle remains open but the trabecular meshwork becomes less efficient, causing gradual aqueous humor outflow obstruction and progressive IOP elevation
Angle-closure glaucoma - The iris physically blocks the drainage angle, causing rapid IOP elevation
Understanding the mechanism helps us target the root cause rather than just treating symptoms.
What Happens If Left Untreated
Understanding the consequences helps you make informed decisions about your health
Short-Term Consequences
Days to weeks
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Time Matters
Don't wait for symptoms to worsen. Early intervention leads to better outcomes.